Tundra Vole (Microtus oeconomus)

Description

Vole in natural habitat
CreativeNature_nl / Envato

The Tundra vole, scientifically known as Microtus oeconomus, is a medium-sized vole species belonging to the family Cricetidae. This herbivorous mammal is recognized for its economical behavior and is predominantly found in Northern and Central Europe, Asia, and northwestern North America, including Alaska and northwestern Canada. The species is also colloquially referred to as the root vole due to its habitat preferences and dietary habits.

Appearance

Southern Red-backed Vole
DennisJacobsen / Envato

The Tundra vole is characterized by its compact size and short, dense fur, which provides insulation in its cold, tundra habitat. It typically exhibits a brownish-gray coat with a lighter underbelly, aiding in camouflage within its environment. Distinguishing features include a short tail, small rounded ears, and a robust build, setting it apart from similar species within its range.

Distribution

Vole on a leaf
CreativeNature_nl / Envato

The Tundra vole is known to inhabit a wide geographic range, including Northern and Central Europe, parts of Asia, and northwestern North America, particularly Alaska and northwestern Canada. Within its range, the species displays notable population densities in tundra and boreal forest regions, where suitable habitat and food resources are abundant.

Habitat Preferences

Tundra voles thrive in diverse ecosystems, with a preference for tundra and boreal forest habitats characterized by damp conditions, such as moist meadows and areas near water sources. These environments provide the necessary vegetation, including sedges, grasses, and other herbaceous plants, which form the primary components of the species’ herbivorous diet. The species also constructs runways and burrows within the tundra landscape to facilitate its foraging and sheltering activities.

Overall, the Tundra vole’s ability to adapt to and thrive in these unique ecosystems underscores its significance within the intricate web of tundra and boreal forest communities.

Facts About Tundra vole

  1. The Tundra vole (Microtus oeconomus) is typically about 18 cm (7.1 in) long.
  2. Tundra voles have a lifespan of up to 1.8 years.
  3. They are strict herbivores and feed on young reed vegetation and Juncaceae.
  4. Tundra voles are found in Northern and Central Europe, Asia, and northwestern North America.
  5. These voles are known for their yellowish-brown fur with paler sides and white underparts.
  6. Tundra voles are medium-sized rodents belonging to the family Cricetidae.
  7. They are known to show seasonal population crashes, likely due to food scarcity.
  8. Tundra voles are important prey for various predators, including birds of prey and carnivorous mammals.
  9. These voles are well-adapted to cold environments and have a high reproductive rate.
  10. Tundra voles play a crucial role in the ecosystem by influencing plant growth and soil composition.

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