Arunachal Macaque (Macaca munzala)

Description

The Arunachal macaque, scientifically known as Macaca munzala, is a remarkable primate native to the rugged and biodiverse landscapes of Arunachal Pradesh in North-east India. This species was officially described in 2005 and is classified as Endangered on the IUCN Red List, highlighting the urgent need for conservation efforts to protect its dwindling population.

Appearance

The Arunachal macaque is a relatively large brown primate, characterized by its robust build and distinctive physical features. Its fur is typically brown, with a darker shade on the back and a lighter hue on the underside. Notably, this species possesses a unique set of physical traits that distinguish it from other macaque species, making it a subject of great interest to primatologists and wildlife enthusiasts alike.

Distribution

The Arunachal macaque is primarily found in the Eastern Himalayas of Bhutan, China, and India, with its range extending into the mountainous regions of Arunachal Pradesh. Despite its limited distribution, this species has demonstrated adaptability to diverse habitats within this range. However, due to factors such as habitat loss and hunting, the population density of the Arunachal macaque has experienced a concerning decline, warranting urgent conservation interventions.

Habitat Preferences

The Arunachal macaque thrives in high-altitude environments, typically inhabiting forests and montane regions at elevations ranging from 2000 m to 3500 m above sea level. These primates exhibit a preference for forested habitats, where they rely on the rich biodiversity of these ecosystems for foraging and shelter. The conservation of these forested environments is critical to the survival and well-being of the Arunachal macaque, as they are intricately linked to the ecological balance of the region.

As a conservation scientist deeply committed to the preservation of biodiversity, it is imperative that we prioritize the protection of the Arunachal macaque and its fragile habitat. By raising awareness and implementing sustainable conservation strategies, we can work towards securing the future of this extraordinary species and the ecosystems it depends on.

Facts About Arunachal macaque

1. The Arunachal macaque, also known as Macaca munzala, is a macaque species native to the Eastern Himalayas of Bhutan, China, and India.
2. It is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List due to habitat loss and hunting pressure.
3. Arunachal macaques are the highest-dwelling of all the Indian macaques, living exclusively in alpine regions with altitudes between 6,500 and 11,500 feet.
4. The most important part of the Arunachal macaque’s diet is a single plant, Erythrina variegata, which monopolizes over 72% of feeding time in the winter.
5. Surveys have recorded a total of 35 troops and 569 individuals, probably a conservative estimate, for the macaque population in the Tawang and West Kameng regions.
6. The macaques spend more time feeding in the winter than in spring, with a diet that includes a variety of plant parts, insects, and soil.
7. Arunachal macaques are relatively large brown primates with a comparatively short tail.
8. They are known for their distinctive vocalizations, including barks, grunts, and screams.
9. The species faces threats from habitat fragmentation, human-wildlife conflict, and climate change.
10. Conservation efforts are underway to protect the Arunachal macaque, including habitat preservation and community-based conservation initiatives.